Papers

Renal Function

Long-Term Effects of a Novel Continuous Remote Care Intervention Including Nutritional Ketosis for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A 2-year Non-randomized Clinical Trial

Shaminie J. Athinarayanan, Rebecca N. Adams, Sarah J. Hallberg, Amy L. McKenzie, Nasir H. Bhanpuri, Wayne W. Campbell, Jeff S. Volek, Stephen D. Phinney, James P. McCarter

An open label, non-randomized, controlled study with 262 and 87 participants with T2D were enrolled in the CCI and usual care (UC) groups, respectively.  Studies on long-term sustainability of low-carbohydrate approaches to treat diabetes are limited. The aim was to assess the effects of a continuous care intervention (CCI) on retention, glycemic control, weight, body composition, cardiovascular, liver, kidney, thyroid, inflammatory markers, diabetes medication usage and disease outcomes at 2 years in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

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Comparative Effects of Low-Carbohydrate High-Protein Versus Low-Fat Diets on the Kidney

Allon N. Friedman, Lorraine G. Ogden, Gary D. Foster, Samuel Klein, Richard Stein, Bernard Miller, James O. Hill, Carrie Brill, Brooke Bailer, Diane R. Rosenbaum, Holly R. Wyatt

RCT with 307 participants:  In healthy obese individuals, a low-carbohydrate highprotein weight-loss diet over 2 years was not associated with noticeably harmful effects on GFR, albuminuria, or fluid and electrolyte balance compared with a low-fat diet.

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Renal Function Following Three Distinct Weight Loss Dietary Strategies During 2 Years of a Randomized Controlled Trial

RCT – 3 arm with 318 participants:  A low-carbohydrate diet is as safe as Mediterranean or low fat diets in preserving/improving renal function among moderately obese participants with or without type 2 diabetes, with baseline serum creatinine <176 μmol/L. Potential improvement is likely to be mediated by weight loss-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity and blood pressure.

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